Head, Edith
Edith Head designing costumes, 1948
AP/Wide World Photos(1898?-1981), costume designer
Edith Head, whose original name may have been Edith Claire Posener, was born in San Bernardino, California, on October 28, possibly about 1898 or 1907. The daughter of a mining engineer, she grew up in various towns and camps in Arizona, Nevada, and Mexico. She attended the University of California (B.A.) and Stanford University (M.A.). After a time as a schoolteacher and some additional study in Los Angeles at the Otis Institute and the Chouinard Art School, she was hired (1923) by the head designer at Paramount Studios. For several years she worked her way up from sketcher to costume designer by way of apprentice assignments and such minor but memorable accomplishments as designing actor Dorothy Lamour's sarong for the Bob Hope-Bing Crosby "Road" pictures.
In 1938 Head became chief designer at Paramount in charge of a costume department with a staff of hundreds. She was the first woman to head a design department at a major studio. From then on, at Paramount and later at Universal Studios, she became America's best-known and most successful Hollywood designer. She was noted for the range of her costume designs, from elegant simplicity to intricate flamboyance, and she also gained a reputation for being able to placate temperamental actors and directors.
Head was nominated for an unprecedented 34 Academy Awards, winning a record 8 of them for her work in The Heiress (1949), All About Eve (1950), Samson and Delilah (1950), A Place in the Sun (1951), Roman Holiday (1953), Sabrina (1954), The Facts of Life (1960), and The Sting (1973). She was the author of an autobiography, The Dress Doctor (1959), and a self-help book, How to Dress for Success (1967), and appeared as herself on screen in The Oscar (1966). Head died in Hollywood, California, on October 24, 1981.