The Man, the Designer: Fashion Weighs Legacy Of Yves Saint Laurent
PARIS — If it weren't for Yves Saint Laurent, the world would certainly be a shabbier place: Scores of major designers from around the world credit him with inspiring them to enter fashion in the first place.
Such accolades, along with expressions of grief, poured in Monday as news of Saint Laurent's death at age 71 spread through the industry and made headlines around the world.
Funeral services are scheduled for Thursday afternoon in Paris, with French President Nicolas Sarkozy expected to attend. Pierre Bergé, the late designer's longtime business partner, said the service is scheduled for 3:30 p.m. at the Eglise Saint-Roch at 296 Rue Saint-Honoré. Afterward, Saint Laurent will be cremated, and his ashes will rest at his famous Majorelle Garden in Marrakech, Morocco, a city the late designer considered a refuge throughout his career.
Bergé said Saint Laurent died at 11:10 p.m. Sunday, surrounded by longtime muse Betty Catroux, himself and Philippe Mougnier, who had taken care of Saint Laurent recently.
"He didn't suffer at all," said Bergé. "He didn't know what was happening to him."
Saint Laurent is survived by his mother, Lucienne Mathieu Saint Laurent, and sisters Michelle and Brigitte.
Bergé said Saint Laurent was diagnosed with brain cancer in April 2007, and his health had quickly deteriorated since.
Saint Laurent endured multiple health problems over the years, including severe bouts of depression. Right before he retired in January 2002, the couturier broke both of his arms when he fell during a trip to Palermo, Sicily. He never completely recovered normal use of his arms and bemoaned his inability to indulge in one of his favorite pastimes — sketching. Last year, Saint Laurent was admitted to the American Hospital in Paris to recover from an undisclosed illness.
With his declining health, he became more and more reclusive, eventually not even attending the exhibitions at the Pierre Bergé-Yves Saint Laurent Foundation established after his retirement, including the most recent show there dedicated to Moroccan dress. Bergé said Saint Laurent had suffered mentally since he decided to retire, despite the designer's continued insistence that he had no regrets over the decision.
"It was extremely tough on him," he said. "Fashion was the big passion of his life."
Bergé, who met Saint Laurent after the designer presented his first collection chez Christian Dior in 1958, said he remained impressed by Saint Laurent since the first moment. "He was exceptional," he said. "With Chanel, Yves is the only other couturier of the last century who transcended the merely aesthetic in fashion and penetrated social territory. He opened up fashion with an extraordinary youthfulness."
Catroux, who had been at Saint Laurent's side on an almost daily basis recently, said his death left her desperate. "I always felt that he was special," she said, remembering how Saint Laurent "hit on her" in a Paris nightclub and set off the beginning of their lifelong friendship. "He chose me," said Catroux. "We did everything together; he was all of my life and gave me everything."
Here's what designers, executives, models, muses, politicians, socialites and others had to say about one of the greatest designers in fashion history:
John B. Fairchild, contributing editor at large of WWD and former chairman and editorial director: "Assez de dire: Saint Laurent, Chanel, Balenciaga, Dior — that's the French couture."
Giorgio Armani: "I don't want to remember Yves Saint Laurent just as the foremost and truest designer of our time. Instead, I will always remember him from a private visit that I made to his museum-like home in Marrakech 20 years ago. I arrived with my sister in a run-down minibus rented from a travel agency wearing shorts and a T-shirt, which I could see immediately made him feel somewhat perplexed as he stepped out to greet us in a most elegant pin-striped double-breasted suit. After just half an hour's conversation, however, he was talking to me like you would speak to an old friend taking me into his confidence. Then, on saying our goodbyes, he urged me to return to see him again soon."
Bernard Arnault, chairman and ceo, LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton: "Monsieur Saint Laurent was the embodiment of French haute couture for half a century. He designed for a woman who reconciled the two fundamental truths, which always guided him in his personal life: freedom and elegance. I will never forget his shining debut at Christian Dior where his talents were first unveiled. His humility was the mark of his genius."
John Galliano: "Yves Saint Laurent was a name that I 'met' through my studies. I would spend hours poring through magazines, studying his work, his collections, his style. When I moved to Paris, we met on occasion, but it was only ever a nod or a hello. I feel, like many, I got to know him through his work at Dior as well as for his own label. Yves Saint Laurent has influenced everyone! It seems impossible he was only 21 when he was given the responsibility of taking over from Mr. Dior and, in my opinion, he more than surpassed expectations. Mr. Saint Laurent has lived through and shaped the face that fashion has today in my work as well as everyone from the salons to the street. He was extraordinary. He raised the bar, and he gave women the option of masculine and feminine, strength and elegance, and for such a gentle figure he caused a revolution! He was kind of the benchmark of how to blend revolution, innovation and elegance. He to many people was the very essence of Paris."
Yohji Yamamoto: "I lost my god in fashion. He was such a treasure...."
Jean Paul Gaultier: "He was my idol, a model to follow, both for his creativity and his rigorous, very Parisian clothes, but also for his own personal elegance. He synthesized the social revolution of women at the end of the Sixties and was the first to mix genres. He created a new vocabulary for the modern woman's wardrobe and was precursory in measurement and accuracy. It is to him that I owe my vocation. Despite his departure, his work remains, and is still tangible in the world of today."
Loulou de la Falaise: De la Falaise was introduced to Yves Saint Laurent in 1968 through her friend Fernando Sanchez. "I was 21, and a swinging London hippie dressed in Ossie Clark. The truth is that what Yves found attractive in me was the fantasy, over-the-top bedecked look. Betty Catroux was the one who inspired all of his mannish looks, I've always been the gypsy, [bohemian] influence."
Of places that most remind her of him, she said that Saint Laurent always liked to pop into churches. "He had an amazing survival instinct and an amazing flair for what was going on in the world even though he lived in a white tower....He had this nervous energy. I have so many pleasurable memories, many of them based on everyday life, of trying to lighten up the atmosphere, always look good or invent something. Thirty years is a hell of a time. He was also like my family, my blood. I can remember going to Deauville with Yves before he had a house there and him being exasperated by the contents of my suitcase. We went to the fish market, where he bought a tin of those pins with colored baubles that one uses to eat snails and he used them to decorate one of my T-shirts. It wasn't very comfortable, but it looked great!"
Hedi Slimane: "Yves Saint Laurent had this natural and peaceful authority, something like grace, a poised aura I had then seen nowhere else in fashion. I would never have become a designer if it were not for him. It was a silent education. The saddest thing was to leave him and Pierre Bergé after three years of happiness. He had been protective all these years, and I always felt I was designing for him alone....He was an incredible influence on me, far beyond the design education I somehow got from him alone. I shared this idea that fashion starts with a movement, an allure: elusive, defined through perfect proportions. Saint Laurent created his own style, a definite law in fashion, and evolved around it. Saint Laurent may have been vulnerable, but to my understanding, there was no doubt in his design, but rather a natural authority. Yves Saint Laurent was a legend that belonged to everyone."
Jeanne Doutreleau, "Victoire," model: "Was he shy? Yes and no. He preferred to withdraw into himself when faced with anxiety, but when not anxious, he was very exuberant and not at all shy. When Yves wasn't well-known working at Christian Dior, he was sure of his talent and he was happy. It was only when his reputation took off that he started to doubt himself....Working with him was marvelously stressful, but he was a nice young man at the same time, so he was gay. The man he became was more somber. His younger and older selves were really two different personages. He continued to make beautiful collections, but he was no longer alive [as such]...He [was nostalgic for] the days when he, Karl Lagerfeld and I would hang out together. We had such fun....All women loved him. My favorite piece by [Saint Laurent] was a houndstooth jacket that I wore for his house's 40th anniversary. He loved dressing me and I loved to be dressed by him. I wore the veil, and I wore the heart."
Tom Ford: "Yves Saint Laurent left two legacies, first a very great one as a fashion designer. He had incredible intuition and, for 20 years in the Sixties and Seventies, he drove women's fashion. He was also a great businessman, which has been underplayed. I think he was the great business mind, not Pierre [Bergé]. Yves had a great intuition, an inner compass that would guide him in everything, from the right place to dine to which people would serve you the best to how to make the best of an opportunity. He was incredibly intuitive and that didn't end with design.
"[While designing for the house] I watched him maneuver things to get what he wanted. In the very beginning, I had some dinners alone with him. We talked about business, and I saw how smart and aware he was of the business side. I'm not sure the public roles are accurate. I think there was some good cop/bad cop going on. I think Pierre really was doing Yves' bidding."
On Saint Laurent's negative comments about Ford's work for the house: "It's always disappointing when someone you admire so much says something negative, but I understood it. Honestly, I have tremendous admiration for Yves. He was a great, great fashion designer and a great, astute businessman. I have so much respect for him. In the Sixties and Seventies he was just it."
Ralph Lauren: "I always admired Saint Laurent for his complete devotion to fashion and for his vision. He will be remembered as one of the great designers of his time."
Naomi Campbell: "I spent lots of great moments with Yves Saint Laurent; I did so many campaigns with him. What was funny was when I first arrived at the house, I was a baby and I used to play on that. He would ask me if I liked what I was wearing and I would always tell him the truth, such as I don't like the red lipstick because it makes me feel old. But he had a great sense of humor. He didn't miss a thing. He was very smart. He had a twinkle in his eye. It feels really surreal for me to be doing the fall campaign without him, but I heard he was happy that I was back in the campaign. He was such an important designer for women of color. I have so many fun memories of seeing him in Morocco. I remember around three years ago bumping into him in Marrakech walking his dog, and I was so happy to see him there. I found him fascinating, he didn't say much, but so much came from his aura."
Christian Lacroix: "I can still remember the veritable shock I felt as a child (I was six years old) looking at the cover of "Paris Match" showing Yves Saint Laurent between the short wedding dress of his first collection for Dior and a red garment bag. It was simply a shock of modernity, palpable for a child because it represented an era, the beginning of a new world, ahead of its time even because it was March 1, 1958, and it already heralded the birth of the Sixties. We didn't meet very often and only had rare but intense discussions. He insisted on the importance of longevity and the suffering of creation. The memories I keep personally in mind — the shoulders, large pants or dotted, flowery or lace dresses, a Forties boater hat — it's actually the image of his mother, Madame Saint Laurent, that her son has propagated during nearly half a century."
Bethy Lagardère: "It is an immense loss for France and the world. Each season, we felt the same emotion, there weren't highs and lows. He gave us the power to live differently, to be stronger. I met him in 1974. I was presented to be a house model. After a few days, I decided to quit. It's a decision I've always regretted. He did many things first. He had a lot of audacity. He dared all, introducing women of color; he launched models' careers. Yet while he was so daring in his public life, in private he was completely the opposite. He was the most gentle, kind man. I saw him often in Tangiers, which was always a pleasure. He showed me his garden there: simple and elegant."
Carla Sarkozy, first lady of France: "My heart is broken when I think of Monsieur Saint Laurent. He was an artist and an exceptional human being. He enhanced not only beauty, but also the strength of women. It is a great honor to have worked with him."
Alber Elbaz: "He was [at once] a myth and someone I worked with. Maybe he is no longer with us, but his work is still with us. He changed not only fashion, but the way women dressed and that will never die. He invented today's concept of ready-to-wear when he launched Rive Gauche. [Then with] the use of art and music and inspiration from everyday life, he turned fashion into such a fantasy reality."